Use links below to navigate to FAQ categories:
Categories: Learning Disability FAQ | Dyslexia FAQ | ADHD FAQ | Assistive Technology FAQ | Your Learning Disability Rights FAQ | How To Get Involved
1. Learning Disability FAQ
Q: What is a learning disability?
A learning disability dyslexia is a neurological disorder that affects information processing. A language disorder is a type of auditory processing disorder that affects how language is processed. It can affect both what you say and/or how you understand what other people say.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disability-adhd-facts/
Q: What are specific learning disabilities?
Auditory Processing Disorder, Language Processing Disorder, Visual Perceptual, Visual Motor Deficit, Dyscalculia, Dyslexia, Non-Verbal Learning Disabilities, Other related disorders, ADHD, Executive Function, Dyspraxia, Memory.
Q: I have a dual diagnosis of learning disability ADHD; What does this mean?
Many children and adults with ADHD also have a specific learning disability or dyslexia.
https://www.ldrfa.org/the-adhd-dyslexia-connectiondealing-with-dual-diagnoses/
Q: What causes a learning disability?
The causes of LDs remain misunderstood. There are genetic components that mean it can be hereditary, but it can also be developed as a result of complications during pregnancy and birth, or due to accidents after birth.
Also, nutritional deprivation and exposure to toxic substances (i.e. lead) can contribute to learning disabilities.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disability-adhd-facts/signs-and-symptoms/
www.pbs.org/parents/education/learning-disabilities/basics
Q. When are learning disabilities usually diagnosed?
LDs can be discovered at any age, but are usually diagnosed between the ages of 3- 10 years. Often people go undiagnosed. Symptoms are varied and contingent on the age of the child. In early childhood, children may have difficulty pronouncing words and rhyming. Between the ages of five and nine years old, they may have difficulty with spelling, telling time and remembering sequences.
https://www.ldrfa.org/does-my-child-have-a-learning-disability/
Q. How will my child’s learning be affected by a learning disability?
If a child has any of these disorders, their experience with learning may be completely different from that of other children. They are highly likely to have difficulty interpreting information in a way that is compatible with traditional teaching and schooling methods. With dyslexia, the child may struggle with letter/word recognition or understanding words and phrases. With dyscalculia, they may struggle to memorize and organize numbers or tell the time. With dysgraphia, they may struggle with spelling, organizing information, or the act of writing itself.
https://www.ldrfa.org/does-my-child-have-a-learning-disability/
Q.How could I help my child diagnosed with a learning disability?
As a parent, your priority should be to make sure that your child is receiving the additional support they need in the right educational environment and teaching them how to deal with the obstacles they face.
Q: How can I help an adult diagnosed with a learning disability?
You can help the person by determining what their strengths are. A good starting question is, “What do you do well?” That may be a hard question for them to answer at first, but you can make suggestions based on what you know about them already. Ask them what they like to do in their spare time, and what skills are they involved in? Are they creative? Are they a good listener?
Q. Where are evaluation agencies for learning disabilities?
A. Most universities and teaching hospitals offer low-cost testing and evaluation for learning disabilities for children and adults through their graduate and Ph.D. Programs. An extensive list of evaluation centers in New York and New Jersey is available at https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disability-assessment/.
Q: How can I help an individual who is suffering from a learning disability?
You can encourage them to submit an application to LDRFA to qualify for an Award. You can refer them to our blog and website for information and resources.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning
2. Dyslexia FAQ
Q: What is dyslexia?
Dyslexia is the difficulty with reading spelling. Dyslexia is the most common of the Learning Disabilities.
https://www.ldrfa.org/does-my-child-have-signs-of-dyslexia-what-should-i-know/
https://www.ldrfa.org/main-signs-your-child-might-have-dyslexia/
Q: What is Dyscalculia?
Dyscalculia (difficulty with arithmetic and math).
Dyscalculia is difficulty in learning or comprehending arithmetic, such as understanding numbers, learning how to manipulate numbers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyscalculia
Q: What is dysgraphia?
Dysgraphia (difficulty with writing).
Dysgraphia is a deficiency in the ability to write, primarily with handwriting.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgraphia
Q: What is a reading disability?
A reading disability is a condition in which a sufferer displays difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_disability
Q: What is Vision therapy for dyslexia?
Vision therapy is an eye training regimen used to improve vision skills such as eye movement control and eye coordination.
https://www.ldrfa.org/vision-therapy-for-dyslexia-and-adhd-what-do-i-need-to-know/
3. ADHD FAQ
Q: What is Attention Deficit Disorder or ADHD?
ADHD is a highly genetic, brain-based syndrome that has to do with the regulation of a particular set of brain functions and related behaviors. These brain operations are collectively referred to as “executive functioning skills” and include important functions such as attention, concentration, memory, motivation and effort, learning from mistakes, impulsivity, hyperactivity, organization, and social skills. There are various contributing factors that play a role in these challenges including chemical and structural differences in the brain as well as genetics.
https://www.ldrfa.org/do-you-zone-out-procrastinate-might-be-adult-adhd/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
Q: What’s the difference between ADD or ADHD?
People often use the terms ADD and ADHD interchangeably, although the current correct medical terminology is ADHD or Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
The most recent revision, DSM-5, breaks Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder into three subtypes: Predominantly Inattentive Presentation, Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive Presentation, and Combined Presentation, to more accurately reflect the most common forms of the condition. Though using the term ADD may in some cases refer more specifically to ADHD of the Inattentive Presentation, the term is just as often used as a substitute for ADHD – with the unspoken assumption that “type” or presence of particular symptoms like hyperactivity would have to be specified on a case by case basis.
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/index.shtml
Q: What is an executive function?
Executive functions (collectively referred to as executive function and cognitive control) are a set of cognitive processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior: selecting and successfully monitoring behaviors that facilitate the attainment of chosen goals.
https://www.ldrfa.org/executive-function-disorder-and-adhd/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_functions
Q: Who suffer from an executive function disorder?
Up to 90 percent of children with ADHD struggle with executive function challenges.
https://www.ldrfa.org/executive-function-disorder-and-adhd/
Q: How do I improve my executive function for learning disability ADHD?
Traditional strategies for improving executive functioning include the use of graphic organizers, daily and weekly planners, color-coding and other organizational tools, and allowing extra time to complete tasks. Also, sports and exercise have recently been shown to improve executive function skills such as focus, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.
Note * There are also many assistive technology applications available to assist with executive functioning.
Q: Is there a medication to treat a learning disability?
Learning disabilities are a result of differences in the brain wiring. Currently there are no medications to treat a learning disability.
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/learning/conditioninfo/treatment/default
Q: Are there Medications for ADHD?
Medicines are used to help control the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines recommend medicine and/or behavior therapy to treat children who have ADHD.
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/guidelines.html
https://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/tc/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-medications
Q: Can medications be used to treat autism?
Many children on the autism spectrum are prescribed psychotropic medications as a way to manage their behavior. There are no medications that treats the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder such as difficulties with communication, social interaction and restricted, repetitive behaviors.
https://childmind.org/article/autism-and-medication/
4. Assistive Technology FAQ
Q: What is assistive technology?
Assistive technology (AT): includes products, equipment, and systems that enhance learning, working, and daily activities for persons with disabilities.
https://www.ldrfa.org/assistive-technology/
Q: What are the Assistive Technology tools available for students with Learning Disability & dyslexia ADHD.
Text to speech is just one of the tools available to help individuals who struggle with reading and/or writing.
Q. What are the assistive technology tools for writing?
Speech to text features tools that help students who struggle with writing spelling.
https://www.ldrfa.org/choosing-the-right-assistive-technology-tools-is-key/
Q: What is the difference between audio books and digital books?
Recorded books allow users to listen to text. Audiobooks allow users to listen in a human voice. Digital books allow users to listen in a digital voice book
https://www.ldrfa.org/assistive-technology/digital-book-sources/
Q: What are assistive technology for executive function?
There are many assistive technology applications available to assist with executive functioning. Smartphones, iPads, tablets, computers have calendars with a system of reminders built-in, as well help with memory and organization.
https://www.ldrfa.org/choosing-the-right-assistive-technology-tools-is-key/
Q: What is the LDRFA award program?
In order to enable individuals to reach their potential, we provide assistive technology, support, advocacy and up-to-date information on products that help with reading, writing and studying. LDRFA awards students in college or transitioning to college with Assistive Technology such as Google books or a tablet. Applicants must demonstrate financial need and evidence of LD diagnosis to be eligible for the award. LDRFA welcomes applications for consideration for the LDRFA Awards Program.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disabilities-dyslexia-award-Program/
Q: Who pays for assistive technology in schools?
States receive federal funding for assistive technology programs. This grant helps fund the purchase of assistive technologies (AT), special software, computer hardware. Use the link below to find out about AT-funded institutions in your state.
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-108publ364/html/PLAW-108publ364.htm
5. Your Learning Disability Rights FAQ
Q: What is IEP?
Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and 504 plans can offer formal help for K–12 students with a learning disability, dyslexia and attention deficit disorder (ADHD).
An important Document, the IEP is meant to ensure that students receive an appropriate placement, learning accommodations specific to their needs and the services the school will provide. The IEP is intended to help children reach their educational goals.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disability-adhd-facts/know-your-rights/
Q: What is IDEA Act?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) it is a four-part (A-D) piece of Federal legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public education.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individuals_with_Disabilities_Education_ActEducation (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs
Q: What is ADA Act?
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) became law in 1990. The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including employment and education.
Q: What Is The Assistive Technology Act?
States receive federal funding for assistive technology programs. This grant helps fund the purchase of assistive technologies (AT), special software and computing hardware. You can find out about AT-funded institutions in your state by visiting this website:
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-108publ364/html/PLAW-108publ364.htm
Q: Who is covered under AT act? What is provided under the AT act?
The 2004 amendments to the Assistive Technology Act of 1998 supports State efforts to improve the provision of assistive technology to individuals through comprehensive statewide programs of technology related assistance, for individuals with disabilities of all ages.
It provides States with financial assistance that supports programs designed to maximize the ability of individuals with disabilities and their family members, guardians, advocates, and authorized representatives to obtain assistive technology devices and assistive technology services.
https://www.ataporg.org/ATActSummary
Q: What are my rights in college with-learning disability dyslexia ADHD?
The Americans with Disabilities Act provides a comprehensive description on how it serves and supports individuals with disabilities. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is one of the earliest federal laws for disability rights.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disability-adhd-facts/know-your-rights/
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disabilities-and-your-rights/
Q: What do I need to know about advocating and self-advocacy?
To Self-advocate you need to be familiar with the laws and the rights of the disabled and effectively communicate them. It includes understanding you or your child’s diagnosis and the accommodations needed. Often individuals with dyslexia and learning disability have a coexisting disorder of ADHD. Self-advocacy skills, are important especially for individuals with a hidden disability such as learning disability, dyslexia or ADHD.
https://www.ldrfa.org/learning-disabilities-and-your-rights/
https://www.ldrfa.org/self-advocacy-links-resources/
https://www.ldrfa.org/know-your-rights-become-your-own-self-advocate/
Q: What are bullying laws? What are my child’s rights at school?
State and local lawmakers have taken action to prevent bullying and protect children. Through laws (in their state education codes and elsewhere) and model policies (that provide guidance to districts and schools), each state addresses bullying differently. Find out how your state refers to bullying in its laws and the requirements of schools and districts to prevent bullying.
http://education.findlaw.com/student-conduct-and-discipline/what-to-do-if-your-child-is-bullied.html
http://www.ed.gov/policy/rights/guid/ocr/disability.htm
Q: Where can I find parent training programs and a PTI for children with special needs?
Every state has to have at least one Parent Training and Information Center (PTI). The U.S. Department of Education announced recently the availability of nearly $14 million in five-year grants to operate 40 parent training and information centers to assist America’s families of children with disabilities.
https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/14-million-awarded-40-special-education-parent-training-and-information-centers.
http://www.spannj.org/pti/
Q: In New York how can I help an individual who is suffering from Learning Disability?
http://www.p12.nysed.gov/specialed/techassist/parentcenters.htm
6. How To Get Involved
LD Resources Foundation is a non-profit organization under IRS section 501(c)(3).Your tax-deductible gift will help continue our mission of giving to financially needy college students with Learning Disability.
We provide Assistive Technology scholarships to those college students in financial need that are diagnosed with a LD and help guide them through their college experience.
https://www.ldrfa.org/donate